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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltem | om ket͡ɕalte |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltet | ot ket͡ɕalte |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalta | ok/ogeʃ ket͡ɕalte |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltena | ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalte |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕalteda | oda/ogəda ket͡ɕalte |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltat | ogət ket͡ɕalte |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltəʃəm | ʃəm ket͡ɕalte |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ket͡ɕalte |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltəʃ | əʃ ket͡ɕalte |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltəʃna | əʃna ket͡ɕalte |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəʃda | əʃda ket͡ɕalte |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltəʃt | əʃt ket͡ɕalte |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltenam | ket͡ɕalten oməl |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltenat | ket͡ɕalten otəl |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalten | ket͡ɕalten ogəl |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltenːa | ket͡ɕalten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltenda | ket͡ɕalten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltenət | ket͡ɕalten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltem əʎe | om ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltet əʎe | ot ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltena əʎe | ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕalteda əʎe | oda/ogəda ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltat əʎe | ogət ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltem ulmaʃ | om ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltet ulmaʃ | ot ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕalteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltat ulmaʃ | ogət ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltenam əʎe | ket͡ɕalten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltenat əʎe | ket͡ɕalten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalten əʎe | ket͡ɕalten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltenːa əʎe | ket͡ɕalten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltenda əʎe | ket͡ɕalten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕalten əʎe | ket͡ɕalten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltenam ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕalten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltenat ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕalten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalten ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕalten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltenːa ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕalten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltenda ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕalten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕalten ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕalten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕalte | it ket͡ɕalte |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltəʒe | ənʒe ket͡ɕalte |
| 1PL: | (ket͡ɕaltena) | (ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalte) |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəza | ida ket͡ɕalte |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltəʃt | ənəʃt ket͡ɕalte |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltənem | ənem ket͡ɕalte |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltənet | ənet ket͡ɕalte |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltəneʒe | əneʒ ket͡ɕalte |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltənena | ənena ket͡ɕalte |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəneda | əneda ket͡ɕalte |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltəneʃt | əneʃt ket͡ɕalte |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltənem əʎe | ənem ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltənena əʎe | ənet ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltənena əʎe | ənena ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəneda əʎe | əneda ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ket͡ɕalte əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltənet ulmaʃ | ənet ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ket͡ɕalte ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ket͡ɕaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ket͡ɕaltəman |
| Active participle: | ket͡ɕaltəʃe |
| Passive participle: | ket͡ɕaltəme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ket͡ɕaltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ket͡ɕaltədəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ket͡ɕalten |
| Negative gerund: | ket͡ɕaltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ket͡ɕaltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ket͡ɕaltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ket͡ɕaltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ket͡ɕaltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ket͡ɕaltədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||